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[Митя]

TEST: Radionuclide Generators

1. The Tc99m eluted from the Mo99/Tc99m generator is in the chemical form of?:
Technetium sulfate, e.g. Tc(SO4)2
Technetium hydroxide, e.g. Tc(OH)4
Hydrolyzed reduced Tc, e.g. TcO(OH)2.(H2O)
Pertechnetate (Tc04)

2. The parent/daughter relationship in a Mo/Tc generator is a classical example of...
Dynamic stability
Secular equilibrium
Transient equilibrium
Reverse isomeric transition

3. Which one of the following is true for transient equilibrium:
The physical half-life of the daughter equals the physical half-life of the parent
The physical half-life of the daughter is 10 times the physical half-life of the parent
The apparent half-life of the daughter equals the physical half-life of the parent
The apparent half-life of the parent equals the physical half-life of the daughter

4. In the Mo/Tc generator, separation of the daughter from the parent is based upon...
Electrophoretic separation
Gravity separation
In-vivo separation
Chromatographic separation

5. The chromatography column in a Mo99/Tc99m generator contains...
Aluminum oxide
Aluminum chlorohydrate
Aluminum hydroxide
Silica gel

6. The Mo/Tc generator is eluted with...
0.001M hydrochloric acid
Sterile distilled water
Physiological saline
None of the above

7. We analyze the generator eluate for impurities. These include...
Free Tc, Al3+ ion, Mo99
Free Tc, Mo99, Hydrolyzed Reduced Tc
Perchlorate, molybdate
Al3+, Mo99, Hydrolyzed Reduced Tc

8. After a molybdenum99/technetium99m generator is eluted with typical efficiency, the in-growing Tc99m reaches a maximum at...
At about 2 hours
Between 2 and 6 hours
Between 12 and 24 hours
Only after 30 hours

9. In an equilibrium mixture of parent molybdenum99 and daughter Tc99m, the ratio of Tc99m activity to Mo99 activity is:
About 0.7
About 1.5
Greater than 2
About 1.1

10. Tc99m formed in the Mo/Tc generator decays to radioactive Tc99g which has a half life of 2.1 x105 years. Tc99g does not contribute significantly to absorbed dose in in vivo procedures because:
The number of atoms of Tc99g is small compared with the number of atoms of Tc99m
Tc99g does not emit particulate radiation as it decays
It is rapidly cleared from the body
The activity of Tc99g is small compared with the activity of Tc99m

11. Which one of the following is essential for a practical laboratory radionuclide generator?
Daughter must have a longer half-life than parent
Daughter must have a shorter half-life than parent
Daughter half-life must not be less than one hour
Parent must not decay to daughter by isobaric transition

12. In the Mo/Tc generator, the elution of technetium by saline solution produces a separation from molybdenum because...
The molybdenum is in the form of insoluble metal
The molybdenum chloride is insoluble
The molybdate is absorbed on alumina, whereas pertechnetate is not
None of the above

13. What is the limit of aluminum ion concentration in Na pertechnetate solution produced by a fission Mo generator?
l00 цg per ml
20 цg per ml
l0 цg per ml
2 цg per ml

14. The radionuclide impurities in Tc-99m pertechnetate eluate can be determined by...?
GM counter
Thin Layer Chromatography
Dose Calibrator
Cutie Pie

15. The legal limit for Mo-99 breakthrough is...
1 цCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m at time of elution
1 цCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m at time of injection
0.15 цCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m at time of elution
0.15 цCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m at time of administration

16. The Tc99m eluate at 7:00 A.M. this morning had a ratio of 0.10 mCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m. Which one of the following is true?
This ratio decreases as a function of time
If the generator were eluted again at 8:00 A.M., no activity would be obtained
Most departments determine this ratio using a radioisotope dose calibrator
Equilibrium is reached 12 hours after the previous elution

17. For the existence of radioactive equilibrium...
Half-life of the parent must be greater than the half-life of the daughter
Daughter must decay by isomeric transition
Parent must decay by beta-minus decay
Daughter must be stable

18. In transient equilibrium, the ratio of parent’s half-life to daughter’s half-life is approximately
1
10
50
1000

19. A Mo99/Tc99m generator has a useful life of
1 Day
1 Week
2 Weeks
1 Month

20. The cylindrical lead shielding in a Mo/Tc generator is 2 inches thick and weighs approximately 48 pounds. This large quantity of lead is required to shield...
The Tc99m
The Mo99
Both the Mo and the Tc
Neither of these isotopes

[Гость]

[quote="Митя"]TEST: Radionuclide Generators

1. The Tc99m eluted from the Mo99/Tc99m generator is in the chemical form of?:
Technetium sulfate, e.g. Tc(SO4)2
Technetium hydroxide, e.g. Tc(OH)4
Hydrolyzed reduced Tc, e.g. TcO(OH)2.(H2O)
Pertechnetate (Tc04)

2. The parent/daughter relationship in a Mo/Tc generator is a classical example of...
Dynamic stability
Secular equilibrium
Transient equilibrium
Reverse isomeric transition

3. Which one of the following is true for transient equilibrium:
The physical half-life of the daughter equals the physical half-life of the parent
The physical half-life of the daughter is 10 times the physical half-life of the parent
The apparent half-life of the daughter equals the physical half-life of the parent
The apparent half-life of the parent equals the physical half-life of the daughter

4. In the Mo/Tc generator, separation of the daughter from the parent is based upon...
Electrophoretic separation
Gravity separation
In-vivo separation
Chromatographic separation

5. The chromatography column in a Mo99/Tc99m generator contains...
Aluminum oxide
Aluminum chlorohydrate
Aluminum hydroxide
Silica gel

6. The Mo/Tc generator is eluted with...
0.001M hydrochloric acid
Sterile distilled water
Physiological saline
None of the above

7. We analyze the generator eluate for impurities. These include...
Free Tc, Al3+ ion, Mo99
Free Tc, Mo99, Hydrolyzed Reduced Tc
Perchlorate, molybdate
Al3+, Mo99, Hydrolyzed Reduced Tc

8. After a molybdenum99/technetium99m generator is eluted with typical efficiency, the in-growing Tc99m reaches a maximum at...
At about 2 hours
Between 2 and 6 hours
Between 12 and 24 hours
Only after 30 hours

9. In an equilibrium mixture of parent molybdenum99 and daughter Tc99m, the ratio of Tc99m activity to Mo99 activity is:
About 0.7
About 1.5
Greater than 2
About 1.1

10. Tc99m formed in the Mo/Tc generator decays to radioactive Tc99g which has a half life of 2.1 x105 years. Tc99g does not contribute significantly to absorbed dose in in vivo procedures because:
The number of atoms of Tc99g is small compared with the number of atoms of Tc99m
Tc99g does not emit particulate radiation as it decays
It is rapidly cleared from the body
The activity of Tc99g is small compared with the activity of Tc99m

11. Which one of the following is essential for a practical laboratory radionuclide generator?
Daughter must have a longer half-life than parent
Daughter must have a shorter half-life than parent
Daughter half-life must not be less than one hour
Parent must not decay to daughter by isobaric transition

12. In the Mo/Tc generator, the elution of technetium by saline solution produces a separation from molybdenum because...
The molybdenum is in the form of insoluble metal
The molybdenum chloride is insoluble
The molybdate is absorbed on alumina, whereas pertechnetate is not
None of the above

13. What is the limit of aluminum ion concentration in Na pertechnetate solution produced by a fission Mo generator?
l00 цg per ml
20 цg per ml
l0 цg per ml
2 цg per ml

14. The radionuclide impurities in Tc-99m pertechnetate eluate can be determined by...?
GM counter
Thin Layer Chromatography
Dose Calibrator
Cutie Pie

15. The legal limit for Mo-99 breakthrough is...
1 цCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m at time of elution
1 цCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m at time of injection
0.15 цCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m at time of elution
0.15 цCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m at time of administration

16. The Tc99m eluate at 7:00 A.M. this morning had a ratio of 0.10 mCi Mo99/mCi Tc99m. Which one of the following is true?
This ratio decreases as a function of time
If the generator were eluted again at 8:00 A.M., no activity would be obtained
Most departments determine this ratio using a radioisotope dose calibrator
Equilibrium is reached 12 hours after the previous elution

17. For the existence of radioactive equilibrium...
Half-life of the parent must be greater than the half-life of the daughter
Daughter must decay by isomeric transition
Parent must decay by beta-minus decay
Daughter must be stable

18. In transient equilibrium, the ratio of parent’s half-life to daughter’s half-life is approximately
1
10
50
1000

19. A Mo99/Tc99m generator has a useful life of
1 Day
1 Week
2 Weeks
1 Month

20. The cylindrical lead shielding in a Mo/Tc generator is 2 inches thick and weighs approximately 48 pounds. This large quantity of lead is required to shield...
The Tc99m
The Mo99
Both the Mo and the Tc
Neither of these isotopes[/quote]

[Артур]

а что это??? что за переписка??? нельзя пояснить по русски????